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  1. Admin

    weekly question 10/8/2025

    A fourteen year old girl presents to the emergency department with a six month history of chronic, cyclic abdominal pain. She has not yet begun menstruating. She is Tanner Stage 4 with a palpable nontender lower abdominal mass and a bluish-tinged bulge at the introitus. An ultrasound (US)...
  2. Admin

    a clinical pearl Status of proximal intestine to site of small bowel atresia

    Quote from "Pediatric Surgery (Springer Surgery Atlas)" by Prem Puri, Michael E. Höllwarth - "The ischaemic insult also adversely influences the structure and subsequent function of the remaining bowel. Histological and histochemical abnormalities can be observed up to 20 cm cephalad from the...
  3. Admin

    video Parent Teaching and counselling in ARM

    see video links in subsequent posts
  4. Admin

    weekly question 3/8/2025

    Correct answer c Posterior rectal advancement anoplasty (PRAA) before discharge Rectoperineal fistulas represent 40% of anorectal malformations. Management has evolved over the last five decades from cutback anoplasty to the minimal posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP), which more reliably...
  5. Admin

    weekly question 3/8/2025

    A full-term newborn boy is found to have a recto-perineal fistula located at the anterior aspect of the sphincter complex seen below, The strategy most likely to reduce the risk for postoperative perineal dehiscence is a Discharge with daily fistula dilations and minimal posterior sagittal...
  6. Admin

    count by images only

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  7. Admin

    weekly question 27/7/2025

    A three-year-old boy presents with refractory constipation following an uncomplicated Yancey-Soave endorectal pull-through for Hirschsprung disease. The most common condition requiring redo pull through operation is A twisted pull through. B tight muscular cuff. C anastomotic stricture. D...
  8. Admin

    a clinical pearl During PEG tube insertion

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  9. Admin

    chart Wilms vs Neuroblastoma

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  10. Admin

    a clinical pearl Gastrostomy internal and external sites tips

    “Placement of the Stoma Site. The stoma site on the abdominal wall should be placed away from the rib cage because, with the child’s growth, the distance between the two tends to become shorter. A gastric access device that is too close to the ribs will cause discomfort and interfere with care...
  11. Admin

    weekly question 20/7/2025

    An otherwise healthy 38-week-gestation, three-kg newborn with gastroschisis undergoes bedside closure using an umbilical flap (i.e. sutureless closure). On the second day of life the baby is making adequate urine. Nasogastric tube output is 20 mL/kg/day. The current total fluid requirement per...
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